濟(jì)南電纜橋架的線纜主要靠外面一層包皮絕緣，如果保護(hù)不好，長時間受到外界氣體的腐蝕，絕緣性能逐漸降低，慢慢老化變硬，發(fā)脆或脫落，這時就不能起絕緣作用了。線纜的外表的絕緣層多用塑料和橡膠制成，有時候發(fā)現(xiàn)老化了，這種情況是由哪些原因造成的呢?

The cables of Jinan cable tray mainly rely on an outer layer of sheath insulation. If the protection is not good, they will be corroded by external gases for a long time, and the insulation performance will gradually decrease. They will gradually age and become hard, brittle or fall off, and at this time, they will not be able to function as insulation. The insulation layer on the surface of the cable is often made of plastic and rubber, and sometimes it is found that it has aged. What are the reasons for this situation?

1、絕緣受潮情況。

1. Damping of insulation.

一般這樣的情況也相對常見，通常發(fā)生在直埋或排管里的電纜接頭處。比如：電纜接頭制作不合格和在潮濕的氣候條件下做接頭，會使接頭進(jìn)水或混入水蒸氣，在電場作用下形成水樹枝，逐漸損害電纜的絕緣強(qiáng)度而造成故障。

This situation is also relatively common, usually occurring at cable joints directly buried or in ducts. For example, unqualified cable joints and joints made in humid weather conditions can cause water or steam to enter the joints, forming water branches under the action of an electric field, gradually damaging the insulation strength of the cable and causing faults.

2、化工原料的腐蝕。

2. Corrosion of chemical raw materials.

電纜直接埋在有酸堿作用的地區(qū)，往往會造成電纜的鎧裝、鉛皮或外護(hù)層被腐蝕，保護(hù)層因長期遭受化學(xué)腐蝕或電解腐蝕，致使保護(hù)層失效，絕緣降低，也會導(dǎo)致電纜故障。

Directly burying cables in areas with acid-base effects often leads to corrosion of the cable's armor, lead skin, or outer protective layer. The protective layer may become ineffective due to long-term chemical or electrolytic corrosion, resulting in reduced insulation and cable failure.

3、長期過負(fù)荷運(yùn)行。

3. Long term overload operation.

超負(fù)荷運(yùn)行，由于電流的熱效應(yīng)，負(fù)載電流通過電纜時必然導(dǎo)致導(dǎo)體發(fā)熱，同時電荷的集膚效應(yīng)以及鋼鎧的渦流損耗、絕緣介質(zhì)損耗也會產(chǎn)乍附加熱量，從而使電纜溫度升高。長期超負(fù)荷運(yùn)行時，過高的溫度會加速絕緣的老化，以絕緣被擊穿。尤其在炎熱的夏季，電纜的溫升常常導(dǎo)致電纜絕緣薄弱處被擊穿，因此在夏季，電纜的故障也就特別多。

Overload operation, due to the thermal effect of the current, when the load current passes through the cable, it will inevitably lead to conductor heating. At the same time, the Skin effect of the charge, the eddy current loss of the steel armor, and the insulation medium loss will also produce additional heat, which will increase the cable temperature. During long-term overload operation, excessively high temperatures can accelerate insulation aging, leading to insulation breakdown. Especially in hot summer, the temperature rise of cables often leads to the first breakdown of weak insulation areas, so there are particularly many cable faults in summer.

4、電纜接頭故障。

4. Cable connector failure.

電纜接頭是電纜線路中較薄弱的環(huán)節(jié)，由人員直接過失(施工不良)引發(fā)的電纜接頭故障時常發(fā)生。施工人員在制作電纜接頭過程中，如果有接頭壓接不緊、加熱不充分等原網(wǎng)，都會導(dǎo)致電纜頭絕緣降低，從而引發(fā)事故。

Cable joints are relatively weak links in cable routes, and cable joint failures often occur due to personnel's direct negligence (poor construction). During the production of cable joints by construction personnel, if there are loose crimping or insufficient heating of the joints in the original network, it will lead to a decrease in the insulation of the cable head, leading to accidents.

5、環(huán)境以及溫度因素。

5. Environmental and temperature factors.

電纜橋架以及線纜周邊的外界環(huán)境和熱源也會造成電纜溫度過高、絕緣擊穿，嚴(yán)重的造成爆炸起火。

The external environment and heat sources around cable trays and cables can also cause excessive cable temperature, insulation breakdown, and serious explosions and fires.

電纜橋架的線纜外表老化原因就講解到這里了，希望能夠給您好的幫助，更多事項(xiàng)就來我們網(wǎng)站http://www.offroader.com.cn咨詢！

That's all for explaining the reasons for the aging of the cable appearance of the cable tray. I hope it can be helpful to you. For more information, please come to our website http://www.offroader.com.cn consulting service